@font-face {
    font-family: 'OpenSans';
    src: url('../fonts/opensans/OpenSans-Regular.eot');
    src: url('../fonts/opensans/OpenSans-Regular.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'),
         url('../fonts/opensans/OpenSans-Regular.woff2') format('woff2'),
         url('../fonts/opensans/OpenSans-Regular.woff') format('woff'),
         url('../fonts/opensans/OpenSans-Regular.ttf') format('truetype'),
         url('../fonts/opensans/OpenSans-Regular.svg#OpenSans') format('svg');
    font-weight: normal;
    font-style: normal;
}

@font-face {
    font-family: 'OpenSansBold';
    src: url('../fonts/opensansbold/OpenSans-Bold.eot');
    src: url('../fonts/opensansbold/OpenSans-Bold.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'),
         url('../fonts/opensansbold/OpenSans-Bold.woff2') format('woff2'),
         url('../fonts/opensansbold/OpenSans-Bold.woff') format('woff'),
         url('../fonts/opensansbold/OpenSans-Bold.ttf') format('truetype'),
         url('../fonts/opensansbold/OpenSans-Bold.svg#OpenSans-Bold') format('svg');
    font-weight: normal;
    font-style: normal;
}

@font-face {
    font-family: 'OpenSansBoldItalic';
    src: url('../fonts/opensansbolditalic/OpenSans-BoldItalic.eot');
    src: url('../fonts/opensansbolditalic/OpenSans-BoldItalic.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'),
         url('../fonts/opensansbolditalic/OpenSans-BoldItalic.woff2') format('woff2'),
         url('../fonts/opensansbolditalic/OpenSans-BoldItalic.woff') format('woff'),
         url('../fonts/opensansbolditalic/OpenSans-BoldItalic.ttf') format('truetype'),
         url('../fonts/opensansbolditalic/OpenSans-BoldItalic.svg#OpenSans-BoldItalic') format('svg');
    font-weight: normal;
    font-style: normal;
}

@font-face {
    font-family: 'OpenSansItalic';
    src: url('../fonts/opensansitalic/OpenSans-Italic.eot');
    src: url('../fonts/opensansitalic/OpenSans-Italic.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'),
         url('../fonts/opensansitalic/OpenSans-Italic.woff2') format('woff2'),
         url('../fonts/opensansitalic/OpenSans-Italic.woff') format('woff'),
         url('../fonts/opensansitalic/OpenSans-Italic.ttf') format('truetype'),
         url('../fonts/opensansitalic/OpenSans-Italic.svg#OpenSans-Italic') format('svg');
    font-weight: normal;
    font-style: normal;
}

.icon	{display: inline-block; 
  font-size: inherit;
  text-rendering: auto;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;}

.fancybox-close-small:focus:after {outline: 0px dotted #888 !important; }

b, strong	{font-family:'OpenSansBold', Arial, Tahoma, Verdana; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;}
b i			{font-family:'OpenSansBoldItalic', Arial, Tahoma, Verdana; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;}
i b			{font-family:'OpenSansBoldItalic', Arial, Tahoma, Verdana; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;}

h3.section-title i {font-family:'OpenSansBoldItalic', Arial, Tahoma, Verdana; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;}
h4.subsection-title i {font-family:'OpenSansItalic', Arial, Tahoma, Verdana; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;}
h4.subsection-title b i {font-family:'OpenSansBoldItalic', Arial, Tahoma, Verdana; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;}
th i {font-family:'OpenSansBoldItalic', Arial, Tahoma, Verdana; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;}

.italic, i 	{font-family:'OpenSansItalic', Arial, Tahoma, Verdana; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; }

a.black {color: #000;}
a.black:link {text-decoration:none;color: #000;}
a.black:visited {text-decoration:none;color: #000;}
a.black:focus {text-decoration:underline;color: #000;}
a.black:active {text-decoration:none;color: #000;}
a.black:hover {text-decoration:underline;color: #000;}

div.contentLeft {
	text-align:left;
}
div.contentRight{
	text-align:right;
}
div.contentCenter{
	text-align:center;
}
div.contentJustify{
	text-align:justify;
}

.font09em		{font-size:0.9em;}
.lh14em			{line-height:1.4em;}
.box-w-900		{max-width:900px;}

.pad-bot-10		{padding-bottom:10px;}
.pad-bot-20		{padding-bottom:20px;}

label {cursor:pointer;padding:0;margin:0;}

.justified 		{text-align:justify;}
.hidden 		{display:none;}
.small 			{font-size:11px; color:#555;}

div.clearAll {clear:both;font-size:0;line-height:0%;height:0;display:block;}

.dirRight 		{float:right;}
.dirLeft 		{float:left;}
.block 		{display:inline-block;}	
div.divRelative {position:relative;}
div.greyRow		{background:#f3f3f3;}	
div.Error		{color: #ef0000; font-family: 'OpenSansBold', Arial;}

.inputErrorBorder {border: 1px solid #ef0000 !important;}

/*email alerts*/
input.emailAlertsEmail 		{font-size: 1.1em; padding: 5px 8px 5px 8px; border: 1px solid #ffffff; outline:none;  width: 100%; box-shadow: 0 0 7px #ccc;}
input.emailAlertsButton 	{border:0; outline:0; background:none; padding: 4px 0 4px 0; margin:0; color: #0682E7; cursor: pointer;}
div.eaArea					{font-size: 14px; padding-top:15px; line-height:20px;}
/*end of email alerts*/


body {font-family:'OpenSans', Arial, Tahoma, Verdana; font-size:14px; color:#000; margin:0;height:100%; line-height:1.45 !important; background: #f3f3f3;}
div.mainBG	{background: #ffffff;}
.std {font-family:'OpenSans', Arial, Tahoma, Verdana;color: #000;font-weight:normal}


/*main*/

div.header 	{background: #ffffff; border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;  margin-top: 3.6em;}

div.headLangsOut {height:32px;}
div.headLangs {padding-top: 8px; }
div.headLangs a { color: #aaa;}
div.headLangs a.current {color: #000;}
div.headLangsDarkBG {padding-top: 8px; }
div.headLangsDarkBG a { color: #e7e7e7;}
div.headLangsDarkBG a.current {color: #fff;}
input.searchInput, input.searchInputNoBorder {border: 1px solid #C3C3C3; height: 30px; font-size:13px; padding:0px 40px 0px 10px; margin:0px; width: 100%;}
input.searchInputNoBorder {border: 1px solid #fff;}
div.searchBut {position:absolute; right:0; z-index:10; margin: -35px 0 0 -50px;}
div.searchBut div.icon {color: #898989; font-size:2em;}
div.headLogo {padding:10px 0 10px 0;}
div.headLogoNoPad {padding:0;}
div.headLogo img.hLogo	{max-width:100%;}
div.advSearchLink {padding-top:20px; font-size:11px; }
div.advSearchLink a {color: #777;}

div.searchButton  		{position:absolute; right: 10px; padding-top:12px;}
div.searchButton a 		{display:block; background-color: #ffffff; color:#000000; padding:2px 10px;border-radius:10px;text-decoration:none;}

div.centerContent  {padding-bottom:15px;}

/** CONTACT FORM */
div.contactFormLabel 		{font-size:13px; padding-bottom:5px;}
input.contactFormField 		{border: 1px solid #C3C3C3; width: 100%; font-size:13px; padding:5px 7px 5px 7px; margin:0 0px 15px 0; }
textarea.contactFormField 	{border: 1px solid #C3C3C3; width: 100%; height: 70px; font-size:13px; padding:5px 7px 5px 7px; margin:0 0px 15px 0; }



/*adv search*/
div.advSLabel {font-size:13px; padding-bottom:5px;}
input.advSField {border: 1px solid #C3C3C3; height: 27px; font-size:13px; padding:0px 7px 0px 7px; margin:0 25px 15px 0; width: 200px;}

/*header info*/
div.mainInfo {padding:0 0 40px 0; }
div.mainInfoTxt {line-height:1.55em;}
div.mainInfoMore {padding: 3px 0 15px 0;}
div.mainInfoMore a {font-size:11px;}


div.metricsLabel {padding:10px 12px 10px 12px; color:#333; font-size:1.1em; text-align:center;}

div.metricsRow  {margin:0 -6px 0 -6px !important;padding-bottom:6px;}
div.metricCol	{padding:6px 0 6px 0;}
div.metric { text-align:center; margin:0 6px 0 6px; height:100%; padding:10px; border:1px solid #d6d6d6; border-radius:15px;}
div.metricValue, div.metricValueImp 	{padding:0;font-size:1.3em; margin-top:-3px; text-align:center; font-family:'OpenSansBold', Arial;}
div.metricValueImp 						{color: #e00;}
div.metricName, div.metricNameImp  		{font-size:0.9em; text-align:center; color:#000; }
div.openAccess							{font-size: 6.5em; margin-top:-27px;margin-bottom:-27px;color:#222;}
a.ccIcon div							{color:#222; transition: color 0.3s;}
a.ccIcon:hover div						{color:#676767;}
div.ccIcon								{ margin-top:-20px;margin-bottom:-23px;font-size: 5em;}
div.metrics a							{color:#000; }
div.ccTextIcon							{margin-top:-25px !important;margin-bottom:-28px;}

div.logosMore			{ background:#fff; padding: 8px 0 0 0; text-align:center;}
div.logosMoreLine		{width:25px; padding-top:6px; border-bottom:2px solid #e00; display:inline-block;}
div.logosMore a			{color:#111; text-decoration:none; transition: color 0.2s;}
div.dbLogos				{background:#fff;   }
div.dbLogos .dbLogo	{position:relative; height:100px; line-height:100px; }
div.dbLogos .dbLogo img	{position:absolute; margin:auto; top:0; bottom:0; left:0; right:0; box-shadow:0px 0px 10px 10px rgba(255,255,255,0.3);}

div.dbLogos .col-4 img		{width:75%;}
div.dbLogos .col-6 img		{width:55%;}
div.dbLogos .col-12 img		{width:29%;}

div.mainInfoRight {width: 330px; }

div.impOptionsBorder {border-bottom: 1px solid #000;}
a.impOptionSubmit {margin-bottom: 25px; display:block; font-size:0.95em; background: #000; padding: 7px 7px 7px 7px; text-align:center; color: #fff; }
a.impOptionSubmit:hover {text-decoration:none; background: #000;}
a.impOption {border: 1px solid #000; border-width:1px 1px 0 1px;  display:block; font-size:0.95em; padding: 6px 6px 6px 6px; text-align:center; color: #000; }
a.impOption:hover {color:#fff; background: #000; text-decoration:none;}



a.sidePic img {width:100%;}


/* page name */
div.pageHead {background: url("http://www.journalssystem.com/_static/g/c/pageName.png");}

div.pageName {font-size:28px; color: #111; padding-bottom:12px;}
div.articleTitle {font-size:28px; color: #111; }
div.pageName a {color: #111; }

div.faqPos {padding:10px 15px; background: #f6f6f6;margin-bottom:15px;}
div.faqPos .icon		{font-size:1.6em;}
/*main content*/
div.mainContent {background-color:#fff;}
div.contentArea {padding:18px 15px 15px 15px; width:528px; }
div.rightArea {width:230px;}
div.menu {padding:15px 0 15px 0;}
div.menu .menuOpt {display:block; font-size: 16px; color: #999; padding: 2px 0 2px 10px; margin-bottom:5px; border-left:5px solid #fff;}
div.menu .menuSub {padding-left:27px; font-size: 13px;}
div.menu .menuCurrentPos   {border-color: #000;}
div.menu .menuCurrentGroup {color: #000;}
div.menu a.menuOpt:hover {text-decoration:none; color: #000; }

div.issn { color: #656565;}
div.issn td.issnLabel {text-align: right; padding:0 7px 5px 0; vertical-align:top; }
div.issn td.issnValue {color:#111; vertical-align:top; }

div.deceased 	{border: 2px solid #000000; padding-left: 3px; padding-right: 3px; }

/* footer */
div.footer1 {padding:20px 0 0 0;}
div.footer2 {padding:30px 0 0 0;}
div.footerLogos {padding:30px 0 28px 0;}
div.copyright { font-size:11px; color:#787878; }


/*pages*/
div.articleDate {text-align:right; padding-bottom:15px; color:#777; font-size:11px;}
div.articleAbstract {color:#111;padding-bottom:20px;font-size:11px;line-height:18px;}
div.articleContent 		{line-height:1.6em;}
div.articleContent h2 	{padding:15px 0 0 0;margin:0;font-size:23px;color:#111;font-weight:normal;}
div.articleContent h3 	{padding:12px 0 12px 0;margin:0;font-size:17px;color:#111;font-weight:normal;}

span.pageSourceBreak {padding: 0 10px 0 10px; color: #aaa;}

/* subpages list */
div.pageList {padding-top:15px;}
div.pageListPos {border-bottom: 1px solid #e1e1e1;  padding:6px 0 6px 0;}
div.pageListPos a.pagePosTitle {font-size:15px;}

div.indexLetter {padding:25px 0 2px 0 ; font-size:2em; color:#222;}
a.indexLetter {display:block; font-size: 1.6em; padding: 0 12px 9px 0; color: #888; }
a.indexLetter:hover {color: #000000; text-decoration:none;}
a.indexLetter:active {color: #000000; text-decoration:none; }
a.indexLetter:focus {color: #000000; text-decoration:none;}

/* paging */
div.pagingDiv {padding:5px 0 5px 0;margin:20px 0 4px 0;}
div.pagingDiv a {padding:5px 10px 5px 10px;font-size:13px; color: #000; border: 1px solid #d5d5d5;}
div.pagingDiv a:hover {background: #000; border: 1px solid #000; color: #fff; text-decoration:none; }
div.pagingDiv b {padding:6px 11px 6px 11px;font-size:13px; color: #fff; background: #000}

/*error404*/
div.e404Title {padding-bottom:8px;font-family:'OpenSansBold', Arial;color:#333;}
div.e404Pos {margin-bottom:8px;background:url('http://www.journalssystem.com/_static/g/c/articleDotBlue.gif') no-repeat top left;background-position:0 6px;padding:0 0 0 9px;}

/*articles archive*/
div.archiveYearCovers  {color:#333;padding-bottom:9px;font-size: 1.7em;}
div.archiveYear  {color:#333;padding-bottom:9px;font-size: 1.5em;}
div.archiveSubYear  {color:#333;padding:11px 0 6px;font-size: 1.25em;}
a.archiveVolume, a.archiveVolumeMA {display:block; padding-bottom:5px; font-size: 1.1em; text-decoration: none; transition: color 0.22s; }
a.archiveVolumeMA {margin-bottom:15px;}
a.archiveVolume:hover, a.archiveVolumeMA:hover {color:#111;}
div.archiveVolumeDesc {margin-bottom:12px;}
div.archiveVolumeDescSmall {margin-bottom:12px; font-size:0.9em;}
div.volumeName {font-size:19px; padding-bottom: 9px;}
div.volumeDesc {font-size:15px; padding-bottom: 20px;}

/*articles list */
div.magArticle 								{padding-top: 16px; padding-bottom:16px; border-bottom:1px solid #e5e5e5; }
div.magArticle:first-child 					{padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom:16px; border-bottom:1px solid #e5e5e5; }
div.magArticle:last-child 					{padding-top: 16px; padding-bottom:0px; border-bottom:0px solid #e5e5e5; }

div.magArticleNoBorder 								{padding-top: 16px; padding-bottom:16px; }
div.magArticleNoBorder:first-child 					{padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom:16px; }
div.magArticleNoBorder:last-child 					{padding-top: 16px; padding-bottom:0px; }

h1 											{padding:0 0 12px 0;margin:0;font-size:28px;color:#111;font-weight:normal;}
h2 											{padding:0 0 10px 0;margin:0;font-size:1.28em; line-height:1.35em; }
h3 											{padding:0;margin:0;font-size:12px;font-weight:normal;display:block;padding-top:10px;}
div.magAuthors 								{padding-top:3px; font-size: 0.9em;}

div.magAbstractAuthors .icon				{color:#111; padding-left:5px;}
div.magAbstractAuthors .icon-envelope-o		{padding-top: 3px;}
div.magAbstractAuthors .icon-googlescholar	{font-size:1.15em; color:#4285f4 !important; }
div.magAbstractAuthors .icon-orcid			{font-size:1.065em; color:#9ac630 !important; padding-top: 1px; }
div.magAbstractAuthors .icon-researcher-id	{font-size:1.25em; color:#ff8100 !important;  padding-top: 1px;}
div.magAbstractAuthors .icon-scopus			{font-size:2.5em; color:#f36d21 !important; margin-top: -6px; margin-bottom: -16px;}
div.magAbstractAuthors .icon-first-authors	{font-size:1.1em; padding-top: 0.12em;}

.icon-envelope-o							{font-size:0.93em; }				 
.icon-orcid									{font-size:1.3em; color:#9ac630 !important; margin-top:1px; }
.icon-googlescholar							{font-size:1.48em; color:#4285f4 !important; margin-top:1px; }
.icon-orcid2								{font-size:1.15em; margin-top:3px;}

div.relatedArticle							{border: 1px solid #b1b1b1; padding: 15px 20px;}
.icon-info-bold								{font-size: 1.3em; padding-top: 0.15em; color: #ff6000 !important; }				 

.db-orcid .icon-orcid						{font-size: 1.3em; margin-right:6px; vertical-align:top; margin-top:2px; }
.db-googlescholar .icon-googlescholar		{font-size:1.48em; margin-right:6px; vertical-align:top; margin-top:1px; }
.db-researcherid .icon-researcher-id		{font-size:1.3em; margin-right:6px; vertical-align:top; margin-top:1px; font-size:1.4em; }
.db-scopus .icon-scopus						{font-size:3.0em; color:#f36d21 !important; margin-top: -9px; margin-right:6px; vertical-align:top; margin-bottom: -16px; }

div.magSearchDate {font-size:11px;color:#626262; padding:3px 0 3px 0;}
div.magMoreLinks {padding-top:12px;}

div.magDOI 					{padding-top:4px;  font-size:13px;}

div.magArticleType 			{ padding-bottom:5px; color:#999; font-size:0.9em;  }
div.magArticleTypeAbstract 	{ padding:1px 0 5px 0; color:#999; font-size:15px; letter-spacing:0.03em; }
a.magArticleTitle			{color:#111; text-decoration:none; transition:color 0.27s;}
div.magArticleLicence 		{padding-bottom:4px;}
div.magCoverLicence 		{padding-bottom:4px; text-align:right;}
div.magCoverISSN 			{padding-top:2px; text-align:right; font-size:0.95em;}

a.magStats {font-size:0.9em; display:block; color:#111; text-decoration:none; transition:color 0.23s; padding-left: 2px;}
a.magStats .icon	{padding:4px 9px 0 0; font-size:0.85em; }
a.magAbstract, a.magFullT { display:block; text-decoration:none; transition:color 0.23s;}
a.magAbstract {width:10em;}
a.magAbstract:hover, a.magFullT:hover {text-decoration:none; color:#111;}
a.magFullT img {padding: 5px 0 0 10px; display:block;}
a.magFullT .icon, a.magAbstract .icon 	{padding:4px 9px 0 0; display:block; float:left; font-size:0.85em;  }

div.volumeInfo {padding-bottom:15px;}


/* advanced search */
a.advSearch {font-size:0.9em; display:block; color:#111; text-decoration:none; padding-top:5px;}
a.advSearch .icon	{padding:3px 9px 0 0;  }

/*abstract*/
div.abstractLabel {font-size:1.5em; padding-bottom:7px;}
div.abstractContent {padding-bottom:27px;line-height:1.6em;}
div.abstractContentReal {padding-bottom:27px;line-height:1.6em; font-size: 1.1em;}
div.abstractOtherContentReal {padding-bottom:8px;line-height:1.6em; font-size: 1.1em;}
div.abstractCA {padding:3px 0 12px 0;line-height:20px;}
div.abstractButtons {padding:17px 0 25px 0 ;}
a.singleKeyword		{display:inline-block;}
div.abstractContent	div.icon-circle	{color: #d5d5d5;font-size:0.4em; padding: 8px 10px 0 10px;  }

a.abstractFullText 				{display:block; background:#eee; margin-right:15px; }
a.abstractFullText:hover div.abstractFullTextButton		{background:#eee;}	
div.abstractFullTextButton		{color:#111; background: #e2e2e2; padding: 10px 17px 10px 17px; font-family: 'OpenSansBold', Arial ; transition:background 0.3s; }
div.abstractFullTextLang		{padding: 1em 0.8em 0 0.8em;}
a.abstractFullText:hover 		{text-decoration:none; }
a.abstractFullText .icon		{padding:3px 10px 0 0;}

a.abstractFullText:hover div.abstractFullTextButtonBlue		{background:#eee;}	
div.abstractFullTextButtonBlue	{padding: 10px 17px 10px 17px;  font-family: 'OpenSansBold', Arial; background: #e2e2e2; transition:background 0.3s; }

a.abstractLink 					{display:block; padding: 10px 17px 10px 17px; text-align:center; transition:color 0.23s;}
a.abstractLink:hover 			{color:#111; text-decoration:none; }

a.formButton					{color:#fff; display:block; background: #0682E7; padding:6px 15px;}

div.affiliations {padding:10px 0 8px 0;}
td.affIndex {vertical-align: top; font-size: 10px; }
td.affName {vertical-align: top; padding: 0 0 6px 8px; width:100%; }

div.statsTitle {font-size:21px;color:#111;padding-bottom:20px;}
div.statsNo {font-size:14px; font-family:'OpenSansItalic', Arial; color:#555; text-align:center; padding:5px 0 15px 0;}




/* subtitle */
div.subtitle {font-size:20px;}
div.subtitleUnderline {width:95px; height:0px; line-height:0; border-bottom:2px solid #000; margin:11px 0 14px 0; }

/*events*/

/* right area */
div.rightBoxes	{font-size:14px;}

a.rightBoxOpt		{padding:10px 26px 10px 26px; display:block; text-decoration:none; position:relative; font-size:16px; color:#000; margin-bottom:2px; background: #dcdcdc; transition: background 0.3s; }
a.rightBoxOpt:hover	{background: #eaeaea; }
div.rightBoxOptLine {width:24px; height:0px; line-height:0; border-bottom:2px solid #000; position:absolute; right:0; top:0; bottom:0; margin-top:auto;margin-bottom:auto;}

div.rightBox0 {background: #f8f8f8; padding:23px 26px 23px 26px; }
div.rightBox1 {background: #f1f1f1; padding:23px 26px 23px 26px; margin-bottom:10px; }
div.indexPos {padding-bottom:7px; margin-bottom:7px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e2e2e2;}

div.rightBoxLabel {font-size: 1.2em; color: #333; padding-bottom:12px;}
div.rightBoxLabel	.icon-share	{font-size:0.79em;}
div.rightBoxLabel	.icon-envelope-o  {font-size:0.79em;}
div.rightBoxLabel	.icon-calendar-3  {font-size:0.8em;}
div.rightBoxLabel	.icon-link  {font-size:0.87em;}
div.rightBoxLabel	.icon-ios-browsers-outline	{font-size:1.03em;}
div.rightBoxLabel	.icon-arrow-graph-up-right 	{font-size:1.12em;}
div.rightBoxLabel	.icon-quote 				{font-size:1.15em; margin-right: -0.1em;}
.boxIcon		{color:#606060; padding-top:2px; transition: color 0.35s; }

div.rightBox0:hover .boxIcon	{color:#e00;}
div.rightBox1:hover .boxIcon	{color:#e00;}

div.eventPos {padding-bottom:8px; margin-bottom:8px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e2e2e2;}
div.eventInfo {padding-top:4px; color:#333;}

td.evFeature {padding:0 20px 10px 0; vertical-align:top; color: #555;}
td.evFeatureVal {padding:0 0 10px 0; vertical-align:top;}

div.eventDesc {padding-top: 15px; line-height:19px; }



div.sharePos 		{padding-bottom:10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e2e2e2;}
div.shareLabel 		{padding:7px 0 7px 0; color: #333;}


/*top*/
div.topPos {padding-bottom:8px; margin-bottom:8px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e2e2e2;}
div.otherArticles a	{color:#111; text-decoration:none; transition: color 0.2s;}

ul.tops {margin:0 0 10px 0;padding:0;list-style:none;}
ul.tops li {display:block;  padding-bottom:6px;}
ul.tops li.current {padding-bottom:3px; border-bottom:2px solid #000; }

div.namesList div.namesPos				{float:left; padding-bottom:12px;}
div.namesList a							{float:left;}
div.namesList div.icon					{padding-left:10px;float:left;}
div.namesList div.icon-envelope-o		{font-size:1.1em;padding-top:1px;}
div.namesList div.icon-scopus			{font-size:3.5em; margin-top:-13px;}

div.pageInstructions					{line-height: 24px; font-size: 13px;}
div.pageInstructions div.piTitle		{font-size: 16px; font-family:'OpenSansBold', Arial; padding: 5px 0px 5px 0px;}
div.pageInstructions div.piSubtitle		{font-size: 14px; font-family:'OpenSansBold', Arial; padding: 5px 0px 5px 0px;}
div.pageInstructions div.piContent		{padding-bottom: 10px;}
div.pageInstructions div.piSubsection	{padding-left: 30px;}
div.pageInstructions div.piSubsection2	{padding-left: 60px;}
div.pageInstructions a.piMenuLink		{font-size: 17px;}
div.pageInstructions a.piSubmenuLink	{font-size: 14px; display:block;}
div.pageInstructions a.piSubmenuLink2	{font-size: 13px; display:block;}


div.ref							{border-bottom: 1px solid #eee; }
div.ref:last-child				{border-bottom: 0px solid #eee; }
div.refNo						{width: 20px; padding: 12px 0px 12px 0px; }
div.refText						{width: calc(100% - 20px); padding: 12px 15px 12px 6px; }
div.refLinks					{padding-top: 5px;}
div.refExternalLink	.icon		{font-size: 1em; padding-top: 0.28em; color: #999 !important;}

/* class="table" */
.table		{border: collapse;}
.table th 	{border: 1px solid #eee; padding: 5px 10px 5px 10px; vertical-align: top; background: #f7f7f7;}
.table td 	{border: 1px solid #eee; padding: 5px 10px 5px 10px; vertical-align: top; }

.olContent li {padding-bottom: 15px;}
.ulContent li {padding-bottom: 15px;}

/*mobile menu*/




div.mMenu	 			{position:fixed; top:0; right:0;z-index:2000; width:100%; background: #2f2f2f; max-height: 100%; overflow-y: auto;}

div.mMenu .menuOpt			{display:block; padding: 18px 20px 0 20px; height:3.7em; color: #ffffff; text-decoration:none; cursor:pointer; transition: background-color 0.3s; }
div.mMenu .menuOpt .icon-facebook	{font-size: 1.65em; margin-top:-3px;}
div.mMenu .menuOpt .icon-linkedin	{font-size: 1.65em; margin-top:-3px;}
div.mMenu .menuOpt .icon-twitter	{font-size: 1.71em; margin-top:-3px;}
div.mMenu .menuOpt .icon-youtube2	{font-size: 1.8em; margin-top: -0.2em;}
div.mMenu .menuOpt .icon-research-gate	{font-size: 1.7em; margin-top: -0.14em;}
div.mMenu .menuOpt .icon-mastodon	{font-size: 1.57em; margin-top: -0.11em;}

a.mobileMenuIcoOpt 				{width:3.7em; height:3.7em; cursor:pointer; display:block; color:#fff; text-align:center; padding:18px 0 0 0 !important; }
a.mobileMenuIcoOpt div   		{font-size:1.2em;}
a.mobileMenuIcoOpt:hover		{background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.7);}

div.mobileMenuHiddenDiv			{display:none;}


div.mobileMenu {padding:20px; background:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;}
div.mobileMenu .menuOpt {display:block; font-size: 16px; color: #454545; padding: 9px 0 9px 0; height: auto; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee; }
div.mobileMenu .menuOpt:last-child {border-bottom: 0; }
div.mobileMenu .menuSub {padding-left:27px; font-size: 14px;}
div.mobileMenu .menuCurrentPos   {}
div.mobileMenu .menuCurrentGroup {color: #000;}
div.mobileMenu a.menuOpt:hover {text-decoration:none; color: #000; }

div.mobileSearch 			{padding:30px; background:#fff; border-bottom:1px solid #999;}
input.mobileSearchInput 	{font-size: 1.1em; padding: 9px 35px 9px 13px; border:1px solid #676767; outline:none;  width: 100%; }


div.success		{color: #518100; font-size: 21px;}

div.topMenu						{position:fixed; z-index:999; width:100%; top:0; left:0; height:3.7em;  transition: height 0s linear 0.7s, top 0.7s;}
div.topMenuUnder				{background-color:#fff; position:fixed; z-index:998; width:100%; top:0; left:0; height:3.7em;}
div.topMenuIn					{background:#2f2f2f;}
div.topMenuIn .menuCurrentPos	{background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.25);}	
div.topMenuIn .menuOpt:hover	{background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.7);}
div.topMenuIn .menuOptSubmenuOpen			{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.7);}

div.topMenuIn .menuOpt			{display:block; padding: 18px 20px 0 20px; height:3.7em; color: #ffffff; text-decoration:none; cursor:pointer; transition: background-color 0.3s; }
div.topMenuIn .menuOpt .icon-home	{font-size: 1.15em; margin-top:1px; padding-right: 9px;}
div.topMenuIn .menuOpt .icon-facebook	{font-size: 1.65em; margin-top:-3px;}
div.topMenuIn .menuOpt .icon-linkedin	{font-size: 1.65em; margin-top:-3px;}
div.topMenuIn .menuOpt .icon-twitter	{font-size: 1.71em; margin-top:-3px;}
div.topMenuIn .menuOpt .icon-youtube2	{font-size: 1.8em; margin-top: -0.2em;}
div.topMenuIn .menuOpt .icon-research-gate	{font-size: 1.7em; margin-top: -0.14em;}
div.topMenuIn .menuOpt .icon-mastodon	{font-size: 1.57em; margin-top: -0.11em;}

div.topMenuIn .menuOpt .searchIconDesc	{padding-right: 9px;}
div.topMenuIn .submenu			{position:absolute;z-index:1000;display:none; background:#2f2f2f;}
div.topMenuIn .submenuIn		{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.7);}
div.topMenuIn .menuSubOpt:hover			{background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.18); }

div.topMenuIn .menuSubOpt		{display:block; padding: 12px 20px 12px 20px; color: #fff; font-size: 0.9em; text-decoration:none; transition: background-color 0.3s;}	

.menuOptIcon					{padding-left:13px !important; padding-right:13px !important;}

div.searchArea					{position:absolute; top:3.7em; right:0; display:none; background-color:#2f2f2f;}
div.searchAreaIn				{background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.7);}
div.searchArea input			{outline:none; background:none; padding:10px 100px 10px 20px; font-size: 1.4em; color:#fff; width:350px; border:none;}
	
div.topMenuHidden				{top:-3.7em; height: 100%; transition: height 0s, top 0.7s;}

div.topMenuFull					{visibility:hidden; opacity:0; background:rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); min-height:100%; padding: 20px; transition: visibility 0s linear 0.6s, opacity 0.2s linear 0.4s; }
div.topMenuFullIn				{opacity:0; transition:opacity 0.2s linear}
div.topMenuFull .menuOpt		{display:block; padding: 0 0 10px 0; color: #111; font-size:1.3em; text-decoration:none; }
div.topMenuFull .menuSubOpt		{display:block; padding: 0 0 10px 0; color: #111; font-size: 0.9em; }	

div.topMenuFullLineOut			{padding:0 15px 0 15px;}
div.topMenuFullLine				{height: 11px; margin-bottom:20px; border-bottom:1px solid #e5e5e5;}

div.topMenuFullLogo				{padding-bottom:50px;}
div.topMenuFullClose			{text-align:right; padding-bottom: 40px; margin-top:-13px;}
div.topMenuFullClose a			{color:#676767; font-size:5em;  }


div.topMenuFullVisible			{visibility:visible; opacity:1; transition: visibility 0s linear, opacity 0.2s; }
div.topMenuFullVisible div.topMenuFullIn		{opacity:1; transition:opacity 0.2s linear 0.4s;}

div.whiteLogoOut				{padding:3px 20px; background: #2f2f2f;}

#articleDetailsId				{display:none;}
#hideDetailsId					{display:none;}
a.articleDetails .icon			{padding:3px 8px 0 0;}

div.magBibliography				{padding-top:4px; font-size:12px;}
div.magBibliography2 			{padding-top:7px; font-size:13px;}
div.magBibliography2 a .icon	{padding:3px 9px 0 0 ;}
div.magBibliography2 a 			{color: #000; text-decoration:none; transition:color 0.22s;}

div.abstractSupLink				{display:block; padding: 10px 17px 10px 17px; cursor:pointer;}
div.abstractSup					{position:absolute; display:none; margin: 6px 0 0 -17px; min-width:200px; background:#444;}
div.abstractSup a				{color: #fff;  display:block; padding:7px 18px 7px 18px; font-weight:normal;}
div.abstractSup a:hover			{background:rgba(0,0,0,0.2);  text-decoration:none;}


div.topMenu .menuIcon			{font-size:1.3em;}

div.coverArea					{padding: 0 0 10px 30px;}

div.mainDiv						{padding-top: 40px; padding-bottom: 30px; }

div.articleTop							{border-bottom:2px solid #e2e2e2; position:relative; margin-bottom:20px; height: 2em; }
div.articleTopInner						{position:absolute; right:0; top:0; width:100%;}
div.articleTopInner	 a.articleTopL		{text-decoration:none; display:block; border-bottom:2px solid #e2e2e2;  color: #333; height: 2em; transition:color 0.22s, border-bottom 0.22s; }
div.articleTopInner .icon-cc			{font-size:1.3em; padding-top:0.15em; padding-right:8px;display:inline-block; float:left	;}
div.articleTopInner .icon-bar-chart		{font-size:0.8em; padding-top:0.4em; padding-right:8px;display:inline-block; float:left	;}
div.articleTopLinkSpacer				{width:30px; height: 2em; border-bottom:2px solid #e2e2e2;  display:block; }
div.articleNavSpacer					{width:5px; height: 1em; display:block; }
a.articleNavArrow						{color:#565656; font-size:2.1em; padding-bottom:7px; margin-top:-6px; padding-left:0; padding-right:0; margin-right: -0.3em; transition: color 0.23s;}

div.issue-actions					{}
div.issue-actions .icon-download	{font-size:0.8em; padding-top:0.45em; padding-right:7px;display:inline-block; float:left;}

.bg-grey	{background: #f1f1f1 !important; }

.icon-quote-left						{padding:6px 8px 0 0; font-size:0.75em;  }	

div.citationStyle				{padding: 20px 30px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;}
div.citationStyle:last-child	{padding: 20px 30px; border-bottom: 0px;}

div.box a 						{transition:background 0.2s; width: 100%; color: #fff; text-align: center; font-size:12px; text-decoration:none; display:block; padding:20px 18px 20px 18px; font-weight:normal; }
div.box a div					{font-size:18px; }
div.box a:hover					{background:rgba(0,0,0,0.2); text-decoration:none;}

/* Altmetrics */
div.altmetricsBox			{padding-top:13px; padding-bottom:13px;}
div.altmetricsBadge			{display:inline-block;}
div.altmetricsBadgeCenter	{text-align:center;}

/* share and stats*/
div.shareSendEmail				{font-size:0.9em; padding-top:10px;}


/*addthis*/
#sharerArea_facebook_like	 	{margin:11px 0 0 0; padding:0;}
#sharerArea_google_plusone 		{margin:9px 0 0 20px; padding:0;}

div.scrollArrow					{padding-bottom:25px;}
div.scrollArrow	.icon			{font-size:3em;}
div.scrollArrow	a				{color:#676767; transition:color 0.2s;}


/* cookie Alert*/
div.cookieAlertOut	{width: 100%; position:fixed; z-index:1000; right:0; bottom:0; font-size:0.9em; padding:2em 0 2em 0; line-height:1.7em; background: #fff;border-top:1px solid #ddd;}
a.cookieAlertClose	{display:block; margin:0 0 0 60px;color:#676767; font-size:4.5em; margin-top:-0.22em; }



div.tableOfContents 						{font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.3em; padding: 25px;}
div.tableOfContentsFixed 					{z-index: 500; position: fixed; top: 40px;}
div.tableOfContents	a.section				{display: block; color: #888; transition: color 0.3s; text-transform: uppercase; padding-bottom: 8px;}
div.tableOfContents	a.sectionSelected		{color: #000000; font-family: 'OpenSansBold';}

a.anchor 					{display: block; position: relative; top: -70px; visibility: hidden;}


.filterArea			{width: 100%; font-size: 1.3em; outline: none; padding: 5px 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd; margin-bottom: 8px;}
.border-top			{border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5;}


div.specialArticle				{padding-top: 8px; padding-bottom: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e0e0e0;}
div.specialArticle:last-child	{padding-bottom: 0px; border-bottom: 0px solid #e0e0e0;}

.w-23px			{width: 23px;}
.w-100-c23 		{width: calc(100% - 23px); }

.em-08			{font-size: 0.8em;}
.em-085			{font-size: 0.85em;}
.em-09			{font-size: 0.9em;}
.em-095			{font-size: 0.95em;}
.em-11			{font-size: 1.1em;}
.em-12			{font-size: 1.2em;}
.em-13			{font-size: 1.3em;}

.pad-top-2		{padding-top: 2px !important;}
.pad-top-3		{padding-top: 3px !important;}
.pad-top-4		{padding-top: 4px !important;}
.pad-top-5		{padding-top: 5px !important;}
.pad-top-6		{padding-top: 6px !important;}
.pad-top-8		{padding-top: 8px !important;}
.pad-top-10		{padding-top: 10px !important;}
.pad-top-12		{padding-top: 12px !important;}
.pad-top-15		{padding-top: 15px !important;}
.pad-top-30		{padding-top: 30px !important;}
.pad-left-0		{padding-left: 0px !important; }
.pad-left-1		{padding-left: 1px !important; }
.pad-left-2		{padding-left: 2px !important; }
.pad-left-3		{padding-left: 3px !important; }
.pad-left-4		{padding-left: 4px !important; }
.pad-left-5		{padding-left: 5px !important; }
.pad-left-10	{padding-left: 10px !important; }
.pad-left-20	{padding-left: 20px !important; }
.pad-right-0	{padding-right: 0px !important; }
.pad-right-2	{padding-right: 2px !important; }
.pad-right-5	{padding-right: 5px !important; }
.pad-right-12	{padding-right: 12px !important; }
.pad-right-20	{padding-right: 20px !important; }
.pad-right-25	{padding-right: 25px !important; }
.pad-left-15	{padding-left: 15px;}
.pad-v-5		{padding-top: 5px !important; padding-bottom: 5px !important;}
.pad-v-10		{padding-top: 10px !important; padding-bottom: 10px !important;}
.pad-v-30		{padding-top: 30px !important; padding-bottom: 30px !important;}
.pad-bot-5		{padding-bottom: 5px !important;}
.pad-bot-6		{padding-bottom: 6px !important;}
.pad-bot-15		{padding-bottom: 15px !important;}
.pad-bot-20		{padding-bottom: 20px !important;}

.w-100-c20 		{width: calc(100% - 20px);}
.w-20px			{width: 20px;}

.w-100-c27 		{width: calc(100% - 27px);}
.w-27px			{width: 27px;}

.colorGrey8		{color: #888 !important;}
.colorBlack		{color: #000000 !important;}
.colorRed		{color: #ee0000 !important;}
.colorGreen		{color: #00cb7c !important;}
.colorWhite		{color: #ffffff !important;}
	
.statusGreen	{text-align: center;color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 21px; padding-top:12px; padding-bottom: 12px; background:#00d179; margin-top: 15px;}
	
.bordered-list									{}
.bordered-list .list-row-small 					{border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5; }
.bordered-list .list-row-small:last-child 		{border-bottom: none !important; }	
.bookData .bordered-list .list-row-small:last-child		{border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5 !important;}
	
.simple-list									{}
.simple-list .list-row-small 					{padding-top: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; }
.simple-list .list-row-small-2 					{padding-top: 2px; padding-bottom: 1px; }
	
div.chapter							{border-bottom: 1px solid #eee; padding-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px;}
div.chapter:last-child				{border-bottom: 0px solid #eee; }

div.impFeature 		{padding:1px 8px 1px 8px; background: #ff8601; color: #fff; font-family: 'OpenSansBold'; font-size: 0.75em; border-radius: 15px;}

/* cookies buttons */
a.cookieAccept						{display:block; width:200px; margin-top:12px; font-size:1.1em; color:#fff; background: #000; padding: 8px 0; border-radius:20px; text-align:center;}
a.cookieDecline						{display:block; width:200px; margin-top:12px; font-size:1.1em; color:#000; border:1px solid #000; padding: 7px 0; border-radius:20px; text-align:center;}
a.cookieMore						{display:block; margin-top:12px; font-size:1.1em; color:#000; padding: 7px 0;}		
		
/* bootstrap additional styles */

div.leftFullWidth {margin-left:-15px; }

@media (min-width: 1px) {
	div.fullWidth {  margin-left: -15px; margin-right:-15px; }
	div.rightBoxes	{padding-top:0px; padding-bottom:0px;}
	div.issn		{padding-bottom:15px;}
	div.footer2 {  background: #f3f3f3; margin-top:15px;}
	div.footerNextCol {padding-left:0;}
	div.scrollArrow	{text-align:center;}
	div.contactForm	{width: 100%; margin-right: -15px; margin-left: -15px;}
	div.mainDiv	{padding-left:15px; padding-right:15px;}
	
	div.magArticleArea 			{ text-align: center; padding:6px 12px 6px 12px; color:#000; font-size:1.25em; background: #f4f4f4; margin-left: -15px; margin-right: -15px; margin-bottom: 8px; margin-top: -8px; letter-spacing: 0.08em;}
	
	.box-w-1000		{width: 100%; height: 100%; }	
	.box-w-1180		{width: 100%; height: 100%; }	
	
	img.archiveCover	{width: 65%;}
		
	div.specialBox						{padding-bottom: 25px; margin-top: -25px; margin-left: -15px; margin-right: -15px;}
	div.specialBoxPanel					{padding: 7px 15px 15px 15px; background-color: #f0f0f0;}
	div.tabsOut                          {position:relative;}
	div.tabsIn                             {overflow:auto; white-space: nowrap; font-size:0; border-left:1px solid #d9d9d9;}
	div.tabsIn a                           {padding:8px 15px 7px 15px; color:#000; margin:0; display:inline-block; border-top:1px solid #d9d9d9; border-right:1px solid #d9d9d9;background:#ffffff; transition:background .3s; font-size:13px;font-family: 'OpenSans',  Arial, Tahoma, Verdana; }
	div.tabsIn a.tabCur                 	 {background:#f0f0f0; font-family: 'OpenSans', Arial, Tahoma, Verdana; }
	div.tabsIn a:hover                     {text-decoration:none; background:#f0f0f0;}
	
	div.highlights						{background: #f8f8f8; padding: 15px 20px 4px 20px; margin-bottom: 27px; margin-left: -15px; margin-right: -15px;}
	div.highlights ul					{padding-left: 20px; list-style: none; /* Remove default bullets */}
	div.highlights li 					{padding-bottom: 4px;}
	div.highlights ul li::before {
	  content: "\2022";  /* Add content: \2022 is the CSS Code/unicode for a bullet */
	  font-weight: bold; /* If you want it to be bold */
	  font-size: 1.1em;
	  display: inline-block; /* Needed to add space between the bullet and the text */
	  width: 1.1em; /* Also needed for space (tweak if needed) */
	  margin-left: -1.2em; /* Also needed for space (tweak if needed) */
	}	
	
	a.cookieAccept						{margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; }
	a.cookieDecline						{margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; }
	a.cookieMore						{margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; }		
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
	div.fullWidth	{margin:0;}
	div.footer1 {  background: #f3f3f3; }
	div.footer2 {  background: #f3f3f3; margin-top:0; }
	div.footerNextCol {padding-left:40px;}
	div.rightBoxes	{padding-left:40px;padding-top:40px; padding-bottom:30px;}
	div.issn		{text-align:left; padding-bottom:0;}
	div.scrollArrow	{text-align:center;}
	div.contactForm	{width: 600px;   margin-right: -15px; margin-left: -15px;}
	div.stdRow		{max-width: 1250px;}
	div.cookieAlert		{max-width: 1100px;}
	div.mainDiv		{padding-right:0px;}
	
	div.magArticleArea 			{ text-align: center; padding:6px 12px 6px 12px; color:#000; font-size:1.25em; background: #f4f4f4; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 8px; margin-top: -8px; letter-spacing: 0.08em;}
	
	img.archiveCover	{width: 80%;}

	div.specialBox						{padding-bottom: 25px; margin-top: -25px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px;}
	div.specialBoxPanel				{padding: 12px 20px 20px 20px; background-color: #f0f0f0;}
	
	div.tabsIn a                           {padding:11px 17px 10px 17px; color:#000; margin:0; display:inline-block; border-top:1px solid #d9d9d9; border-right:1px solid #d9d9d9;background:#ffffff; transition:background .3s; font-size:13px;;font-family: 'OpenSans', Arial, Tahoma, Verdana; }
	div.highlights						{background: #f8f8f8; padding: 15px 20px 4px 20px; margin-bottom: 27px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px;}
	
	a.cookieAccept						{float:left;margin-left:0; margin-right:20px; }
	a.cookieDecline						{float:left;margin-left:0; margin-right:0; }
	a.cookieMore						{float:right;margin-left:0; margin-right:0; }	
}
@media (min-width: 992px) {
	img.archiveCover	{width: 80%;}
		
	div.tabsIn a                           {padding:14px 20px 13px 20px; color:#000; margin:0; display:inline-block; border-top:1px solid #d9d9d9; border-right:1px solid #d9d9d9;background:#ffffff; transition:background .3s; font-size:12px;;font-family: 'OpenSans', Arial, Tahoma, Verdana; }
	  
	.pad-top-lg-0	{padding-top: 0px !important;}  
	.pad-top-lg-12	{padding-top: 12px !important;}  	  
}

@media (min-width: 1200px) {
  .box-w-1000		{width: 1000px; height: auto; }
  .box-w-1180		{width: 1180px; height: auto; }
  .max-h-xl-400px	{max-height: 400px !important;}	
}